Share the companies - References and quotes
Philosophy
2021
REFERENCES AND QUOTES
A BLUEPRINT FOR SURVIVALGovernment pressure to curbe unemployment. Bring demand and supply closer with industries more integrated in community to avoid waste, overproduction and production of goods it doesn’t want 15 I PROSPERITY WITHOUT GROWTHWorks role in todays society, what it could and what it is for many. SeeARBETSSAMHÄLLET – HUR ARBETET ÖVERLEVDE TEKNOLOGIN for an historical and contemporary analysis of work and its glorification. Unemployment and the hunt for increased labour productivity 161 Possibility of reducing working hours, work-sharing. Keynes saw it. Challenge labour productivity even if it has brought some good stuff. Revalue what kind of jobs we need. Care, craft and culture. Figure 8.1 and moving from carbon intensive jobs 164 "What happens to employment when material consumption is no longer expanding? What happens to inequality as conventional growth rates decline? What can we say about financial stability when capital no longer accumulates? What happens to the public sector in the face of declining aggregate demand? These are the kinds of questions that we need to ask about this new economy." 188 Sharing capital 190 “post-growth economics is an exercise in continually challenging the conventional wisdom.” 193 Work as valued as contributing to society (basic income) to participate in a common endeavour. SeeTHINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on importance of goalsetting 224 I A HISTORY - BIEN Russel Brand on what community deem useful work https://basicincome.org/history/ I THE SPIRIT LEVEL: WHY MORE EQUAL SOCITIES ALMOST ALWAYS DO BETTERMore unequal societies have longer working hours 223 Democratic employee ownership. Importance of participation. 248 More employee owned company the better society. Advantages of employee ownership and participation: 1. Social emancipation 2. Scale of earnings under democratic control 3. Redistribution of wealth from shareholder to stakeholders 4. Improves productivity 5. Regain experience of being part of community 6. Improve sociability in wider society 7. A start to have a society freer of hierarchical division and status-seeking 253 I ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS – PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONSIncome disparities and distribution of capital ownership 395 Squatters and employees. Employee Shareholder Ownership Programs (ESOPs) SeeTHE SPIRIT LEVEL: WHY MORE EQUAL SOCITIES ALMOST ALWAYS DO BETTER on employee ownership 248, 253 396 Local ESOPS and possible good effect on environment 397 I ARBETSSAMHÄLLET – HUR ARBETET ÖVERLEVDE TEKNOLOGINCrises of overproduction 11 The banker vs farmer on a scale of meaningful/empty work 12 work cannot in general be defined as good or bad. Working for what? SeeTHINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on importance of setting a goal13 Nor the punishment of God nor necessity (the fortunate ones at least) is forcing human being to work but human beings themselves. Advertising and governmental stimulus helps to avoid the crises of overproduction 16 Work ideology is valuing work for the work itself 21 Protestant view of work is living in the rights worship of entrepreneurs and the left inculcating of the well-behaved worker, the “blame yourself” mentality and belief that power and wealth is the result of hard work 29 The pretended meritocracy and importance of inheritance 32 adjust the effort according to need. Work for survival. SeeTHINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on importance of setting a goal35 The opportunity to earn more less appealing than working less. Using power and poverty to get workers to work. If work is good why all the control? Mills on work 36 Peter Kropotkin, ”Enough of ambiguous, words like ”the right to work,” with which the people were misled in 1848, and which are still used to mislead them Let us have the courage to recognize that Well-being for all, henceforward possible, must be realized” 48 Instead of right to work, the right to well-being. Kropotkin, “The “right to well-being” means the possibility of living like human beings, and of bringing up children to be members of a society better than ours, whilst the “right to work” only means the right to be always a wage-slave, a drudge, ruled over and exploited by the middle class of the future. The right to well-being is the Social Revolution, the right to work means nothing but the Treadmill of Commercialism. It is high time for the worker to assert his right to the common inheritance and to enter into possession.” Lafargue on work as a right as shame. The compromise of the labour movement was an acceptance of the foundation of the working society, instead of direct access to the resources, access went through income of work. This leads to the right to work 49 Mix up of means and ends. Should work really be an end in itself? One-dimensional thinking keeps us from exploring alternatives. SeeTHINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on goal, ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS – PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS on means and ends 50 Productivity increase in Sweden. Technology could set us free! 79 24 minute working day. Fear of the liberating potential of technology 80 No prohibition to work but freedom from work 87 Howard Zinn, “Let’s not speak anymore about capitalism, socialism. Let’s just speak of using the incredible wealth of the earth for human beings. Give people what they need: food medicine, clean air, pure water, trees and grass, pleasant homes to live in, some hours of work, more hours of leisure. Don’t’ ask who deserves it. Every human being deserves it” The irrational consumption only reflect the irrational production. The work/production is the problem 96 Keynes and technology absorbing work as a possibility 106 Keynes and Economic possibilities for our Grandchildren solving mankind’s economic problem. 107 Will we have a nervous breakdown? Problem activating ourselves outside the realm of work 108 Coercion is the foundation of all employment relations. Employment relations are built on power differences. 180 Strategies for dealing with emotional work 181 Alienating effect of work on senses and feeling makes it hard to know who we really are 183 Professionalism is subordinate to the arbitrariness of power 184 Empty work 185 Swedish LFV and employees surfing porn 75 % of their working hours 186 Office worker dedicating 1,5 – 3,5 hours a day to empty work 187, 188 Discussion of work, clean toilets or create music 211 Subversive rationalization. Goal rationality exposes the rationality of power and its irrationality. 212 “Only through the degeneration of civilization, through the psychosis of mass consumption, the smoke screen of production, and the lost meaning of the concept of work have we managed to maintain the myth of the necessity of work” The working society is destroying human being and planet. 219 “It is the compulsive work incitement, the decoupling of production and need and the inability to make use of the freedom potential of technology that has produced this record of relative misery – a relative misery, because the difference between what is and what could be has never been bigger” 220 I DOUGHNUT ECONOMICS: SEVEN WAYS TO THINK LIKE A 21ST-CENTURY ECONOMISTEmployee ownership to end imbalances between owner and workers. Share the results of the worker. 78 Minimum, maximum and basic income is good but we also need focus on both redistribution income and wealth as wealth generates income. SeeTHE SCIENCE OF FLOW SAYS EXTREME INEQUALITY CAUSES ECONOMIC COLLAPSEhttps://evonomics.com/science-flow-says-extreme-inequality-causes-economic-collapse/, MEASURING REGENERATIVE ECONOMICS: 10 PRINCIPLES AND MEASURES UNDERGIRDING SYSTEMIC ECONOMIC HEALTH. Alperovits “political-economic systems are largely defined by the way property is owned and controlled”. SeeARBETSSAMHÄLLET – HUR ARBETET ÖVERLEVDE TEKNOLOGIN on Rousseau and power in property 171 Distributive design by changing wealth ownership of 1. land, 2. money creation, 3. enterprise, 4. technology and 5. knowledge. State led and grass-roots initiative. 1. Land limits Mark Twain. Henry George and BIENs reasons for basic income. Nature and community give land value. See History of basic income on reasons for basic income through history https://basicincome.org/history/147 Sign of Fay Lewis. Land-value tax. Henry George, land should be owned by a community. E. P. Thompson “Enclosure was plain enough a case of class robbery” and companies have continued the historic enclosure of land in modern times with communities having found themselves dispossessed, dispersed and impoverished. Ostrom proved Hardin wrong proving people can manage the commons, managing better than markets and state. No one holds the true solution, try different approaches. 150 Moneymaking and increasing inequality through repayment of interest-bearing loans. The new landlords are now the investors, financiers and bankers. Keynes, “The owner of capital can obtain interest because capital is scarce, just as the owner of land can obtain rent because land I scarce.” 152 Work and inequality. Who owns the enterprise and captures the value of the workers 155 Power determines the shares of wealth/productivity. Rooted membership and stakeholder finance for companies to be distribute. Employee owned firms. Concentration of wealth through technology. Network effect into digital monopolies armed with patents, the enclosure of creative commons. 158 Concentration of wealth through technology. Automation, work and fairness. USA employment in agriculture went from 50%, 1900, to 2%, 2000. See < THE CIRCULAR BIOECONOMY AND DECOUPLING: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE GROWTH on the great linearization 149. Taxing non-renewables and not work and basic income won’t be enough in fighting technological segregation. We have to share. Biosphere is for all! Mariana, Mazzucato, public money in research, development and infrastructure underpinning technology like robots, a rationale for all in owning a piece of the pie. Colonization of the commons, controlling ideas and knowledge, through immaterial law. Innovation happens without immaterial law. 161 Basic income, 1. an universal access to markets 164 Global inequalities. GiveDirectly See https://tidningensyre.se/2020/9-september-2020/forsok-med-basinkomst-i-kenya-gav-positiva-effekter-under-pandemin/ . Market driven solutions for poverty should not be a substitute for public services! 2. Universal access to public services. Classic, tax the rich! – global taxes! 3. Universal access to global commons, to earths life-giving systems and to knowledge. 167 Open source digital platform - global knowledge common 167, 170 Tax justice, tax wealth! Since economy cannot grow anymore we cannot have the same employment anymore. The solution to automation and unemployment us a basic income for all and sharing work. Keynes, “to make what work there is still to be done as widely shared as possible.” 226 Socially locked in the culture of consumerism and tension created by inequality. Economic growth is supposed to ease the social tensions of inequality through positive sum, everyonecanbebetteroff economy and also avoid redistribution. (But we can’t grow anymore) 229 I ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS – PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS Excludability = property rights 165 Excludability is create to be able to make profit. Rights are protected by institution 166 Excludable and nonrival goods. Intellectual progress is a collective process 173, 174 Box 19.2 wealth, power and efficiency 377 Revolutionary to socialize. Can we reframe property rights as a bundle of rights with right of rate of extraction excluded. 422 “If we believe there is a need for improved distribution, we are basically questioning the existing endowments of property rights.”“Policy is concerned largely with institutions and laws that create, redefine, and redistribute property rights.” Excluding property rights are not inherent in services and goods. Social institution defends these rights. A right and a duty, three-way relation between individual, other individual and the state. Privilege vs right. Scarce world requires a redefinition of property rights through policies. 424 Types of property rights. 425 Property rights are not always possible. 426 Box 23.1 How wealth creates power SeeTHINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on “Success to the successful”. Problem of wealth as status : 1. Conspicious consumption increases scale 2. Creates a damaging zero sum positional race. SeeTHE SPIRIT LEVEL: WHY MORE EQUAL SOCITIES ALMOST ALWAYS DO BETTER443 Caps on income and wealth. Conspicuous consumption can be seen as a negative externality and could be limited by a progressive consumption tax. Income could be capped using a progressive income tax and it is good if it also limit economic growth because the people and planet needs less of it! 🙂 Wealth can be capped through a progressive wealth tax such as real estate tax and inheritance tax. Much of private wealth grows because of infrastructure and institutions provided by society. 444 Subsaharian Bill Gates. Tax and the Northern European countries 445 Marginal utility of a dollar is bigger for a poor person than for a rich. Just desert argument based on that people are paid for their contribution to society, But how do you know you are contributing if the goal of the society is not clear? Furthermore people are benefiting now from past contributions. Approaches proposed by ecological economists include equal opportunity in education, job access and job andvancement, jobs at living wage and directy payments but also equal entitlements to wealth created by nature and by society independent of entrepreneurial ability. See https://twitter.com/wistikent/status/1219359615890219008/photo/1, History of basic income446 Distribution of factors of production. 447 Distribute return to natural capital. 451 Alaska fund and Sky trust 452 Henry George and the reasoning for a land tax. Practically harder to physically redistribute land than taxing. 454 I The THE SPIRIT LEVEL: WHY MORE EQUAL SOCITIES ALMOST ALWAYS DO BETTERConcentration of power in economic institutions. Companies the source of income inequality SeeDOUGHNUT ECONOMICS: SEVEN WAYS TO THINK LIKE A 21ST-CENTURY ECONOMIST on Piketty, capital households vs income households and increasing inequality 142, 242 Privatization has increased inequality 243, 244 Tom Paine, wealth, power and democracy 244 Make societies fairer through democratic employee-ownership 248 “Employee-ownership has the advantage of increasing equality specifically by extending liberty and democracy”. Economic democracy. 252 Stop pampering the rich. They will not leave or bail. “We know that more egalitarian countries live well, with high living standards and much better social environments. We know also that economic growth is not the yardstick by which everything else must be judged. Indeed we know that I t no longer contributes to the real quality of our lives and that consumerism is a danger to the planet. Nor should we allow ourselves to believe that the rich are scarce and precious members of a superior race of more intelligent being son whom the rest of us are dependent. That is merely the illusion that wealth and power create. Rather than adopting an attitude of gratitude towards the rich, we need to recognize what a damaging effect they have on the social fabric.” 262 Different action that can make societies fairer. 263, 264 I WHAT THEN MUST WE DO - GAR ALPEROVITZ Old ways to bend trends doesn’t work anymore. 13:40 Probable solution must face up to the underlying issue in all (social) systems i.e who owns the wealth. Alter to benefit the vast majority. Feudal, 19th small farmers, Soviet union state owned. 13:56 Change the ownership of wealth or the pain continues. 15:28 Systems about who owns the wealth. “if systems are about who gets to own the wealth, because power flows from wealth, and if you don’t want it in the state because they overcentralize it, then either there is a decentralized way or there isn’t a way” Cooperations, worker owned companies, credit unions and land trust show another way. 19:56 Democratizing ownership 22:41 Taxpayer money, public funds, could be put in credit unions or city banks to use them for community purposes instead of putting them in a big bank that use them to make profit (lend out money) 29:22 How money is created. 29:55 Money is crazy making 30:10 “A larger transformation, over 30 years or so, building upon this emerging transformative, potentially transformative vision of changing who gets to own the capital. Socializing the capital like coops in a radically downhome American way that doesn’t end up centralizing everything but also does change and transform who gets to own.” 48:01 I THINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER Success to the successful trap 126 “whenever the winners of a competition receive, as part of the reward, tehe means to compete even more effectively in the future” A reinforcing feedback loop that “rapidly divides a system into winners who go on winning, and losers who go on losing” Luck in monopoly. Trump and other rich in life. “If the winning takes place in a limited environment, such that everything the winner wins is extracted from the losers, the losers are gradually bankrupted, or force out, or starved” Success to the successful is known as the competitive exclusion principle in ecology. 127 Success to the successful and Karl Marx. Reinforcing feedback loop of capital accumulation. Monopoly creation. The trap makes rich richer and poor poorer. Poorer and education, credit ability and land. 128 Feedbacks perpetuate inequitable distruation. Diversify! but will not work for the poor. Put in balancing feedback loops. Level the playing field, periodically! Potlatch 129 “These equalizing mechanisms may derive from simple morality, or they may come from the practical understanding that losers, if they are unable to get out of the game of success to the successful, and if they have no hope of winning, could get frustrated enough to destroy the playing field.” 130 Information holds systems together. Information is power 173To encouragement
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